Abbasi J. COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccines-First Large Test for a New Approach. JAMA. 2020 Sep 3. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32880613. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.16866
Agarwal A, Mukherjee A, Kumar G, Chatterjee P, Bhatnagar T, Malhotra P; PLACID Trial Collaborators. Convalescent plasma in the management of moderate covid-19 in adults in India: open label phase II multicentre randomised controlled trial (PLACID Trial). BMJ. 2020 Oct 22;371:m3939. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33093056. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3939
Agrawal AS, Tao X, Algaissi A, et al. Immunization with inactivated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus vaccine leads to lung immunopathology on challenge with live virus. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Sep;12(9):2351-6. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/27269431. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1177688
Alter G, Seder R: The Power of Antibody-Based Surveillance. N Engl J Med 2020, published 1 September. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2028079.
Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Widge AT, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Older Adults. N Engl J Med, December 17 2020; 383:2427-2438. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2028436
Andrew MK, McElhaney JE. Age and frailty in COVID-19 vaccine development. Lancet 2020, published 18 November. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32481-8
Arnold C. How computational immunology changed the face of COVID-19 vaccine development. Nat Med. 2020 Jul 15. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32669667. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41591-020-00027-9
Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med 2020, published 30 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2035389
Ball P. The lightning-fast quest for COVID vaccines — and what it means for other diseases. Nature 2020, published 18 December. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03626-1
Bar-Zeev N, Moss WJ. Encouraging results from phase 1/2 COVID-19 vaccine trials. Lancet. 2020 Aug 15;396(10249):448-449. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32702300. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31611-1
Baum A, Ajithdoss D, Copin R, et al. REGN-COV2 antibodies prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques and hamsters. Science 2020b, published 9 October. Full-txt: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe2402
Baum A, Fulton BO, Wloga E, et al. Antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein prevents rapid mutational escape seen with individual antibodies. Science. 2020 Aug 21;369(6506):1014-1018. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32540904. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd0831
Behr MA, Divangahi M, Schurr E. Lessons from BCG for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates. J Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 30:jiaa637. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33252679. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa637
Bingham K. Plan now to speed vaccine supply for future pandemics. Nature. 2020 Oct;586(7828):171. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33024331. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02798-0
Bingham K. Plan now to speed vaccine supply for future pandemics. Nature. 2020 Oct;586(7828):171. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33024331. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02798-0
Biopharma. Hunting for antibodies to combat COVID‑19. Biopharma dealmakers 2020, published 1 September. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d43747-020-01115-y
Bolles M, Deming D, Long K, et al. A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge. J Virol. 2011 Dec;85(23):12201-15. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/21937658. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.06048-11
Bos R, Rutten L, van der Lubbe JEM, et al. Ad26 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding a prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike immunogen induces potent humoral and cellular immune responses. NPJ Vaccines. 2020 Sep 28;5:91. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33083026. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-020-00243-x
Braun J, Loyal L, Frentsch, M, et al. Presence of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in COVID-19 patients and healthy donors. medRxiv 22 April 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440 (accessed 2 June 2020)
Burki T. The online anti-vaccine movement in the age of COVID-19. Lancet Digit Health. 2020 Oct;2(10):e504-e505. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32984795. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30227-2
Callaway E. Could new COVID variants undermine vaccines? Labs scramble to find out. Nature 2021, published 8 January. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00031-0
Callaway E. Dozens to be deliberately infected with coronavirus in UK ‘human challenge’ trials. Nature 2020, published 20 October. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02821-4
Callaway E. Dozens to be deliberately infected with coronavirus in UK ‘human challenge’ trials. Nature 2020, published 20 October. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02821-4
Callow KA, Parry HF, Sergeant M, Tyrrell DA The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man. Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Oct;105(2):435-46. https://pubmed.gov/2170159. Full-text: https://pmlegacy.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2170159
Casadevall A, Dadachova E, Pirofski LA. Passive antibody therapy for infectious diseases. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004 Sep;2(9):695-703. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/15372080. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro974
Castells MC, Phillips EJ. Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. N Engl J Med 2020, published 30 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra2035343
Castilow EM, Olson MR, Varga SM. Understanding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine-enhanced disease. Immunol Res. 2007;39(1-3):225-39. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/17917067. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-007-0071-6
CDC 20201231. Interim considerations: preparing for the potential management of anaphylaxis after COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccines & Immunizations 2020, last reviewed: December 31, 2020. Full-text: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/pfizer/anaphylaxis-management.html – Accessed 3 January 2021.
CDC 2021 NCV. New COVID-19 Variants. Centers for Disease Control 2021, updated 3 January. Full-text: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/transmission/variant.html – Accessed 12 January 2021.
CDC 2021 V. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Centers for Disease Control 2021, updated 3 January. Full-text: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/science-and-research/scientific-brief-emerging-variants.html – Accessed 11 January 2021.
CDC 20210106. Allergic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis After Receipt of the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 14–23, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 6 January 2021. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7002e1
Channappanavar R, Fett C, Zhao J, Meyerholz DK, Perlman S. Virus-specific memory CD8 T cells provide substantial protection from lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. J Virol. 2014 Oct;88(19):11034-44. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/25056892. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01505-14
Chen J, Subbarao K. The Immunobiology of SARS*. Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:443-72. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/17243893. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141706
Chen X, Pan Z, Yue S, et al. Disease severity dictates SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19. Sig Transduct Target Ther 5, 180 (2020). Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-00301-9
Chun S, Chung CR, Ha YE, et al. Possible Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury Following Convalescent Plasma Transfusion in a Patient With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Ann Lab Med. 2016 Jul;36(4):393-5. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/27139619. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2016.36.4.393
Cohen J. Designer antibodies could battle COVID-19 before vaccines arrive. Science 2020, published 4 August. Full-text: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/08/designer-antibodies-could-battle-covid-19-vaccines-arrive
Cookson C. UK to test vaccines on volunteers deliberately infected with Covid-19. Financial Times 2020, published 23 September. Full-text: https://www.ft.com/content/b782f666-6847-4487-986c-56d3f5e46c0b
Corbett KS, Edwards DK, Leist SR et al. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine design enabled by prototype pathogen preparedness. Nature 2020, published 5 August. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2622-0
Corbett KS, Flynn B, Foulds KE, et al. Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates. N Engl J Med 2020b, published 28 July. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2024671
Dagotto G, Yu J, Barouch DH. Approaches and Challenges in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development. Cell Host Microbe 2020, published 10 August. Full-text: https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(20)30455-8
Dan JM, Mateus J, Kato Y, et al. Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection. Science 2021, published 6 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf4063 – See also the press article by Mandavilli A. Immunity to the Coronavirus May Last Years, New Data Hint. The New York Times 2020, published 17 November. Full-text: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/17/health/coronavirus-immunity.html.
Deming ME, Michael NL, Robb M, et al. Accelerating Development of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines — The Role for Controlled Human Infection Models. NEJM July 1, 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2020076. Full-text: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2020076
Dolgin E. How COVID unlocked the power of RNA vaccines. Nature 2021, published 12 January. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00019-w
ECDC 20201220a. Threat Assessment Brief: Rapid increase of a SARS-CoV-2 variant with multiple spike protein mutations observed in the United Kingdom. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control 2020, published 20 December. Full-text: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/threat-assessment-brief-rapid-increase-sars-cov-2-variant-united-kingdom
ECDC 20201220b. Rapid increase of a SARS-CoV-2 variant with multiple spike protein mutations observed in the United Kingdom. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Contro 2020, published 20 December. Full-text: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/SARS-CoV-2-variant-multiple-spike-protein-mutations-United-Kingdom.pdf
Editorial 20201121. COVID-19 vaccines: no time for complacency. Lancet 2020, published 21 November. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32472-7
Editorial 20201218. COVID-19 vaccines: the pandemic will not end overnight. The Lancet Microbe December 18, 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30226-3
Eguia R, Crawford KHD, Stevens-Ayers T, et al. A human coronavirus evolves antigenically to escape antibody immunity. bioRxiv 2020, posted 18 December. Full-text: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.17.423313v1
Ella R, Vadrevu KM, Jogdand H, et al. A Phase 1: Safety and Immunogenicity Trial of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-BBV152. medRxiv 2020, posted 15 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.11.20210419
Ewer KJ, Barrett JR, Belij-Rammerstorfer S. et al. T cell and antibody responses induced by a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in a phase 1/2 clinical trial. Nat Med December 18, 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-01194-5
Felter C. How Dangerous Are New COVID-19 Strains? Council on Foreign Relation 2021, published 7 January. Full-text: https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/how-dangerous-are-new-covid-19-strains
Gao Q, Bao L, Mao H, et al. Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2. Science. 2020 Jul 3;369(6499):77-81. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32376603. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc1932
GOV.UK 20201230. Regulatory approval of COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca. https://www.gov.uk 2020, published 30 December. Full-texts: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca
Greaney AJ, Loes AN, Crawford KHD, et al. Comprehensive mapping of mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain that affect recognition by polyclonal human serum antibodies. bioRxiv 2021, posted 4 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.31.425021
Grifoni A, Weiskopf D, Ramirez SI, et al. Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals. Cell. 2020 May 20:S0092-8674(20)30610-3. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32473127. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015
Gudbjartsson DF, Norddahl GL, Melsted P, et al. Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland. N Engl J Med 2020, published 1 September. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2026116
Halstead SB, Katzelnick L. COVID-19 Vaccines: Should We Fear ADE? J Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 13;222(12):1946-1950. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32785649. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa518
Heaton PM. The Covid-19 Vaccine-Development Multiverse. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 14:NEJMe2025111. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32663910. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2025111
Hekele A, Bertholet S, Archer J, et al. Rapidly produced SAM((R)) vaccine against H7N9 influenza is immunogenic in mice. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2013 Aug;2(8):e52. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/26038486. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/emi.2013.54
Henao-Restrepo AM, Camacho A, Longini IM, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: final results from the Guinea ring vaccination, open-label, cluster-randomised trial (Ebola Ça Suffit!). Lancet. 2017 Feb 4;389(10068):505-518. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/28017403. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32621-6
Hodgson SH, Mansatta K, Mallett G, Harris V, Emary KWR, Pollard AJ. What defines an efficacious COVID-19 vaccine? A review of the challenges assessing the clinical efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Lancet Infect Dis 2020, published 27 October. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30773-8
Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell. 2020 Apr 16;181(2):271-280.e8. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32142651. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052
Honda-Okubo Y, Barnard D, Ong CH, Peng BH, Tseng CT, Petrovsky N. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus vaccines formulated with delta inulin adjuvants provide enhanced protection while ameliorating lung eosinophilic immunopathology. J Virol. 2015 Mar;89(6):2995-3007. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/25520500. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02980-14
Houser KV, Broadbent AJ, Gretebeck L, et al. Enhanced inflammation in New Zealand white rabbits when MERS-CoV reinfection occurs in the absence of neutralizing antibody. PLoS Pathog. 2017 Aug 17;13(8):e1006565. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/28817732. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006565
Ibarrondo FJ, Fulcher JA, Goodman-Meza D, et al. Rapid Decay of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Persons with Mild Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 Sep 10;383(11):1085-1087. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32706954. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2025179
Iwata-Yoshikawa N, Uda A, Suzuki T, et al. Effects of Toll-like receptor stimulation on eosinophilic infiltration in lungs of BALB/c mice immunized with UV-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus vaccine. J Virol. 2014 Aug;88(15):8597-614. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/24850731. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00983-14
Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, et al. An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – Preliminary Report. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 14:NEJMoa2022483. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32663912. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2022483
Jamrozik E, Selgelid MJ. COVID-19 human challenge studies: ethical issues. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 May 29:S1473-3099(20)30438-2. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32479747. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30438-2
JCVI. Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation. JCVI issues advice on the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. JCVI 2020, published 30 December 2020. Full-text: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-the-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine
Jeyanathan M, Afkhami S, Smaill F, et al. Immunological considerations for COVID-19 vaccine strategies. Nat Rev Immunol 2020, published 4 September. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-00434-6
Ju B, Zhang Q, Ge J, et al. Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature. 2020 Aug;584(7819):115-119. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32454513. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2380-z
Kahn JP, Henry LM, Mastroianni C, et al. Opinion: For now, it’s unethical to use human challenge studies for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. PNAS October 29, 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021189117
Karikó K, Buckstein M, Ni H, Weissman D. Suppression of RNA recognition by Toll-like receptors: the impact of nucleoside modification and the evolutionary origin of RNA. Immunity. 2005 Aug;23(2):165-75. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/16111635. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2005.06.008
Karikó K, Muramatsu H, Keller JM, Weissman D. Increased erythropoiesis in mice injected with submicrogram quantities of pseudouridine-containing mRNA encoding erythropoietin. Mol Ther. 2012 May;20(5):948-53. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/22334017. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2012.7
Karikó K, Muramatsu H, Welsh FA, et al. Incorporation of pseudouridine into mRNA yields superior nonimmunogenic vector with increased translational capacity and biological stability. Mol Ther. 2008 Nov;16(11):1833-40. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/18797453. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2008.200
Keech C, Albert G, Cho I, et al. Phase 1–2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:2320-2332. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2026920
Kim HW, Canchola JG, Brandt CD, Pyles G, Chanock RM, Jensen K, Parrott RH. Respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants despite prior administration of antigenic inactivated vaccine. Am J Epidemiol. 1969 Apr;89(4):422-34. PubMed: PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/4305198. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120955
Kim YI, Kim SG, Kim SM, et al. Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Apr 5. pii: S1931-3128(20)30187-6. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32259477. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.023
Kistler KE, Bedford T. Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses. bioRxiv 2020, posted 30 October. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.30.352914
Knoll MD, Wonodi C. Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Lancet. 2020 Dec 8:S0140-6736(20)32623-4. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33306990. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32623-4
Krammer F. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development. Nature. 2020 Oct;586(7830):516-527. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32967006. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2798-3
Kupferschmidt 20200728. ‘Vaccine nationalism’ threatens global plan to distribute COVID-19 shots fairly. Science 2020, 28 July. Full-text: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/07/vaccine-nationalism-threatens-global-plan-distribute-covid-19-shots-fairly
Kupferschmidt 20201220. Mutant coronavirus in the United Kingdom sets off alarms, but its importance remains unclear. Nature 2020, published 20 December. Full-text: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/mutant-coronavirus-united-kingdom-sets-alarms-its-importance-remains-unclear
Kupferschmidt 20201223. U.K. variant puts spotlight on immunocompromised patients’ role in the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature 2020, published 23 December. Full-text: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/uk-variant-puts-spotlight-immunocompromised-patients-role-covid-19-pandemic
Lambert PH, Ambrosino DM, Andersen SR, et al. Consensus summary report for CEPI/BC March 12-13, 2020 meeting: Assessment of risk of disease enhancement with COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine. 2020 Jun 26;38(31):4783-4791. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32507409. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.064
Lauring AS, Hodcroft EB. Genetic Variants of SARS-CoV-2—What Do They Mean? JAMA 2021, published 6 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.27124
Ledford H. Antibody therapies could be a bridge to a coronavirus vaccine — but will the world benefit? Nature 2020, published 11 August. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02360-y
Ledford H. The race to make COVID antibody therapies cheaper and more potent. Nature 2020b, published 23 October. Full-text: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02965-3
Leung K, Shum MH, Leung GM, Lam TT, Wu JT. Early transmissibility assessment of the N501Y mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2 in the United Kingdom, October to November 2020. Euro Surveill. 2021 Jan;26(1). PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33413740. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.26.1.2002106
Li CK, Wu H, Yan H, et al. T cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in humans. J Immunol. 2008 Oct 15;181(8):5490-500. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/18832706. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5490
Libster R, Marc PG, Wappner D, et al. Early High-Titer Plasma Therapy to Prevent Severe Covid-19 in Older Adults. N Engl J Med 2021, published 6 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2033700
Lipsitch M, Dean NE. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Science. 2020 Oct 21:eabe5938. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33087460. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe5938
Liu L, Wei Q, Lin Q, et al. Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection. JCI Insight. 2019 Feb 21;4(4). pii: 123158. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/30830861. Full-text: https://doi.org/123158
Lokugamage KG, Yoshikawa-Iwata N, Ito N, et al. Chimeric coronavirus-like particles carrying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SCoV) S protein protect mice against challenge with SCoV. Vaccine. 2008 Feb 6;26(6):797-808. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/18191004. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.11.092
Long QX, Tang XJ, Shi QL, et al. Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Nat Med. 2020 Aug;26(8):1200-1204. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32555424. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0965-6
Lurie N, Saville M, Hatchett R, Halton J. Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):1969-1973. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32227757. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2005630
Machemer T. A Brief History of Human Challenge Trials. Smithsonian Magazine 2020, published 16 December. Full-text: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/brief-history-human-challenge-trials-180976556/
Mair-Jenkins J, Saavedra-Campos M, Baillie JK, et al. The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2015 Jan 1;211(1):80-90. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/25030060. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu396
Marston HD, Paules CI, Fauci AS. Monoclonal Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases – Borrowing from History. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 19;378(16):1469-1472. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/29513615. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1802256
Mateus J, Grifoni A, Tarke A, et al. Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans. Science. 2020 Oct 2;370(6512):89-94. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32753554. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3871
McPartlin SO, Morrison J, Rohrig A, Weijer C. Covid-19 vaccines: Should we allow human challenge studies to infect healthy volunteers with SARS-CoV-2? BMJ. 2020 Nov 9;371:m4258. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33168564. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4258
Ng K, Faulkner N, Cornish G, et al. Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans. bioRxiv 2020, posted 15 May. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.14.095414
Ngono AE, Shresta S. Immune Response to Dengue and Zika. Annu Rev Immunol. 2018 Apr 26;36:279-308. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/29345964. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053142
Oliver S, Gargano J, Marin M, et al. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 13 December 2020. Full-text: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6950e2
Oliver S, Gargano J, Marin M, et al. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;69:1653-1656. Full-text: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm695152e1
Openshaw PJ, Culley FJ, Olszewska W. Immunopathogenesis of vaccine-enhanced RSV disease. Vaccine. 2001 Oct 15;20 Suppl 1:S27-31. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/11587806. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00301-2
Pardi N, Tuyishime S, Muramatsu H, et al. Expression kinetics of nucleoside-modified mRNA delivered in lipid nanoparticles to mice by various routes. J Control Release. 2015 Nov 10;217:345-51. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/26264835. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.007
Pathak EB. Convalescent plasma is ineffective for covid-19. BMJ. 2020 Oct 22;371:m4072. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33093025. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4072
Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 10:NEJMoa2034577. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33301246. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2034577
Pollard AJ, Bijker EM. A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments. Nat Rev Immunol (2020). Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-00479-7
Posten D, Weisblum Y, Wise H, et al. Absence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity in pre-pandemic sera from individuals with recent seasonal coronavirus infection. medRxiv 2020, published 11 October. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.08.20209650
Public Health England. Investigation of novel SARS-COV-2 variant: Variant of Concern 202012/01. UK Government 2021, updated 8 January. Full-text: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201 – accessed 12 January 2021.
Ramasamy MN, Minassian AM, Ewer KJ, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine administered in a prime-boost regimen in young and old adults (COV002): a single-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet. 2021 Dec 19;396(10267):1979-1993. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33220855. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32466-1
Regeneron. REGN-COV-2 Antibody Cocktail Program Updates, September 29, 2020. https://investor.regeneron.com/static-files/a596a85e-e72d-4529-8eb5-d52d87a99070
Robbiani DF, Gaebler C, Muecksch F, et al. Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals. Nature. 2020 Aug;584(7821):437-442. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32555388. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2456-9
Rubin EJ, Longo DL. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination – An Ounce (Actually, Much Less) of Prevention. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 10:NEJMe2034717. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33301245. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2034717
Sahin U, Muik A, Vogler I, et al. BNT162b2 induces SARS-CoV-2-neutralising antibodies and T cells in humans. medRxiv 2020, posted 11 December. Full-text: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.09.20245175v1
Schwartz JL. Evaluating and Deploying Covid-19 Vaccines — The Importance of Transparency, Scientific Integrity, and Public Trust. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:1703-1705. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2026393
Sekine T, Perez-Potti A, Rivera-Ballesteros O, et al. Robust T Cell Immunity in Convalescent Individuals with Asymptomatic or Mild COVID-19. Cell. 2020 Oct 1;183(1):158-168.e14. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32979941. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.017
Seow J, Graham C, Merrick B, et al. Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Nat Microbiol (2020). Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-00813-8
Slaoui M, Hepburn M. Developing Safe and Effective Covid Vaccines — Operation Warp Speed’s Strategy and Approach. N Engl J Med 2020, published 26 August. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2027405
Tang F, Quan Y, Xin ZT, et al. Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study. J Immunol. 2011 Jun 15;186(12):7264-8. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/21576510. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0903490
Tegally H, Wilkonson E, Giovanetti M, et al. Emergence and rapid spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage with multiple spike mutations in South Africa. medRxiv 2020, posted 22 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.20248640
To KK, Hung IF, Ip JD, et al. COVID-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARS-coronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 25:ciaa1275. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32840608. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1275
Tonn T, Corman VM, Johnsen M, et al. Stability and neutralising capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in convalescent plasma. Lancet Microbe 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30037-9
Tseng CT, Sbrana E, Iwata-Yoshikawa N, et al. Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35421. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/22536382. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035421
Tufekci Z. The Mutated Virus Is a Ticking Time Bomb. The Atlantic 2020, published 31 December. Full-text: https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/12/virus-mutation-catastrophe/617531
Usher DA. South Africa and India push for COVID-19 patents ban. Lancet 2020, published 5 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32581-2
Vabret N, Britton GJ, Gruber C, et al. Immunology of COVID-19: current state of the science. Immunity 2020. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002
van Doremalen N, Lambe T, Spencer A, et al. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques. Nature. 2020 Jul 30. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32731258. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2608-y
Voloch CM, da Silva R, de Almeida LGP, et al. Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. medRxiv 2020, posted 26 December. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.23.20248598
Volz E, Mishra W, Chand M, et al. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.1.7 in England: Insights from linking epidemiological and genetic data. medRxiv 2021, posted 4 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.30.20249034
Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, et al. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet. 2020 Dec 8:S0140-6736(20)32661-1. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33306989. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1
Wadman M. Fever, aches from Pfizer, Moderna jabs aren’t dangerous but may be intense for some. Science 2020, published 18 November. Full-text: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/11/fever-aches-pfizer-moderna-jabs-aren-t-dangerous-may-be-intense-some
Wajnberg A, Amanat F, Firpo A, et al. Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months. Science 2020, published 28 October. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd7728
Walker LM, Burton DR. Passive immunotherapy of viral infections: ‘super-antibodies’ enter the fray. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):297-308. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/29379211. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2017.148
Walsh EE, Frenck RW Jr, Falsey AR, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of Two RNA-Based Covid-19 Vaccine Candidates. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 17;383(25):2439-2450. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33053279. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2027906
Wang H, Zhang Y, Huang B, et al. Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate, BBIBP-CorV, with Potent Protection against SARS-CoV-2. Cell. 2020 Aug 6;182(3):713-721.e9. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32778225. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.008
Wang Q, Zhang L, Kuwahara K, et al. Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates. ACS Infect Dis. 2016 May 13;2(5):361-76. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/27627203. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00006
Wang X, Guo X, Xin Q, et al. Neutralizing antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in coronavirus disease 2019 inpatients and convalescent patients. Clin Infect Dis 2020, published 4 June. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa721
Ward BJ, Gobeil P, Séguin A, et al. Phase 1 trial of a Candidate Recombinant Virus-Like Particle Vaccine for Covid-19 Disease Produced in Plants. medRxiv 2020, posted 6 November. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.04.20226282
Wec AZ, Wrapp D, Herbert AS, et al. Broad neutralization of SARS-related viruses by human monoclonal antibodies. Science. 2020 Aug 7;369(6504):731-736. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32540900. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc7424
Weingartl H, Czub M, Czub S, et al. Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets. J Virol. 2004 Nov;78(22):12672-6. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/15507655. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.78.22.12672-12676.2004
Weis S, Scherag A, Baier M, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in an entirely PCR-sampled and quarantined community after a COVID-19 outbreak – the CoNAN study. medRxiv 2020, posted 17 July. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.15.20154112
WHO 20200409. WHO target product profiles for COVID-19 vaccines. WHO 2020, published 9 April, accessed 2 September, 2020. Full-text: https://www.who.int/who-documents-detail/who-target-product-profiles-for-covid-19-vaccines
WHO 20200506. Key criteria for the ethical acceptability of COVID-19 human challenge studies. WHO 2020, published 6 May. Full-text: https://www.who.int/ethics/publications/key-criteria-ethical-acceptability-of-covid-19-human-challenge/en/
WHO 20201231. WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access. WHO 2020, published 31 December. Full-text: https://www.who.int/news/item/31-12-2020-who-issues-its-first-emergency-use-validation-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-and-emphasizes-need-for-equitable-global-access
WHO Ad Hoc Expert Group on the Next Steps for Covid-19 Vaccine Evaluation, Krause PR, Fleming TR, et al. Placebo-Controlled Trials of Covid-19 Vaccines – Why We Still Need Them. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 2. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33264543. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2033538
WHO Landscape. Draft landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines. Accessed 20 October 2020. Full-text: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines
Widge AT, Rouphael NG, Jackson LA, et al. Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 3:NEJMc2032195. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33270381. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2032195
Wong AHM, Tomlinson ACA, Zhou D, et al. Receptor-binding loops in alphacoronavirus adaptation and evolution. Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 23;8(1):1735. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/29170370. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01706-x
Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science. 2020 Mar 13;367(6483):1260-1263. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32075877. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb2507
Xia S, Duan K, Zhang Y, et al. Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes: Interim Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA. 2020 Sep 8;324(10):951-960. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32789505. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.15543
Xie X, Zou J, Fonte-Garfias CR, et al. Neutralization of N501Y mutant SARS-CoV-2 by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited sera. bioRxiv 2021, posted 7 January. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.07.425740
Yasui F, Kai C, Kitabatake M, et al. Prior immunization with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein causes severe pneumonia in mice infected with SARS-CoV. J Immunol. 2008 Nov 1;181(9):6337-48. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/18941225. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.9.6337
Zahradnik J, Marciano S, Shemesh M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 RBD in vitro evolution follows contagious mutation spread, yet generates an able infection inhibitor. bioRxiv 2021, posted 8 January. Full-text: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.06.425392v2
Zhang Y, Zeng G, Pan H, et al. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 17:S1473-3099(20)30843-4. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/33217362. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30843-4
Zhao J, Alshukairi AN, Baharoon SA, et al. Recovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T-cell responses. Sci Immunol. 2017 Aug 4;2(14):eaan5393. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/28778905. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.aan5393
Zhao J, Zhao J, Mangalam AK, et al. Airway Memory CD4(+) T Cells Mediate Protective Immunity against Emerging Respiratory Coronaviruses. Immunity. 2016 Jun 21;44(6):1379-91. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/27287409. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2016.05.006
Zhu FC, Guan XH, Li YH, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020b Aug 15;396(10249):479-488. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32702299. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31605-6
Zhu FC, Li YH, Guan XH, et al. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial. Lancet. 2020a Jun 13;395(10240):1845-1854. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32450106. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31208-3