Prevention: References

<<< Prevention Chapter

Prevention at the personal level

Good respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.

Face masks

 

Hand Hygiene

Physical/Social distancing and avoiding crowded conditions

 

Speak quietly, don’t shout (or sing)!

 

Household hygiene

  • van Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, Morris DH, et al. Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 16;382(16):1564-1567. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32182409. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2004973
  • Alex W H Chin; Julie T S Chu; Mahen R A Perera; Kenrie P Y Hui; Hui-Ling Yen; Michael C W Chan; et al. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions Lancet 2020:April 02, 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30003-3
  • Radhika Gharpure; Candis M. Hunter; Amy H. Schnall; Catherine E. Barrett; Amy E. Kirby; Jasen Kunz; Kirsten Berling; Jeffrey W. Mercante; Jennifer L. Murphy; Amanda G. Garcia-Williams. Knowledge and Practices Regarding Safe Household Cleaning and Disinfection for COVID-19 Prevention — United States, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. May 2020 Early Release / June 5, 2020 / 69 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6923e2.htm?s_cid=mm6923e2_w
  • Chang A, Schnall AH, Law R, et al. Cleaning and Disinfectant Chemical Exposures and Temporal Associations with COVID-19 – National Poison Data System, United States, January 1, 2020-March 31, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Apr 24;69(16):496-498. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32324720. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6916e1

 

Prevention at the community/societal levels

Widespread testing, quarantine and intensive contact tracing

 

Quarantine and isolation of suspected or confirmed cases

  • Muge Cevik, Matthew Tate, Oliver Lloyd, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Jenna Schafers, Antonia Ho SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV viral load dynamics, duration of viral shedding and infectiousness: a living systematic review and meta-analysis medRxiv 2020.07.25.20162107; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.25.20162107

 

Test. Treat. Track.

 

Tracking apps

 

Mandatory face masks

 

Ban on mass gatherings

 

Localized and nationwide Lockdowns

 

Travel bans/border closures

 

Vaccinate for seasonal influenza and for COVID-19 (not yet available)

 

Containment and mitigaton of COVID-19

  • Xiaoyan Zhang, Yuxuan Wang. Comparison between two types of control strategies for the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. J Infect Dev Ctries 2020 14(7):6 96-698. doi:10.3855/jidc. 12899
  • OECD Flattening the covid-19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies Published online 24 March 2020  https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/flattening-the-covid-19-peak-containment-and-mitigation-policies-e96a4226/
  • Joel Hellewell, Sam Abbott, Amy Gimma, Nikos I Bosse, Christopher I Jarvis, Timothy W Russell, James D Munday, Adam J Kucharski, W John Edmunds. Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts. Lancet Glob Health 2020; 8: e488–96Published OnlineFebruary 28, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7
  • Parodi SM, Liu VX. From Containment to Mitigation of COVID-19 in the US. JAMA. 2020;323(15):1441–1442. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.3882
  • Walker PGT, Whittaker C, Watson OJ, et al. The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- and middle-income countries. Science. 2020 Jul 24;369(6502):413-422. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32532802. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc0035
  • Ramses Djidjou-Demasse, Yannis Michalakis, Marc Choisy, Mircea T. Sofonea, Samuel Alizon. Optimal COVID-19 epidemic control until vaccine deployment. medRxiv. 2020.04.02.20049189; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.02.20049189

 

Environmental hygiene and disinfection

 

Hospitals and other health care settings

 

Nursing facilities

 

Long-term Care Institutions

  • Yen MY, Schwartz J, King CC, Lee CM, Hsueh PR; Society of Taiwan Prevention and Control. Recommendations for protecting against and mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care facilities. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020 Apr 10;53(3):447-53. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32303480. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.003
  • Lai CC, Wang JH, Ko WC, et al. COVID-19 in long-term care facilities: An upcoming threat that cannot be ignored. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020 Apr 13;53(3):444-6. PubMed: https://pubmed.gov/32303483. Full-text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.008

 

Workplaces

 

Schools

 

Prisons

 

Homeless shelters